New Delhi argues it has the right to shield its own agricultural sector—which employs some 500 million people—from competition with heavily subsidized foreign agriculture.

“They sell to us, they take advantage of us. They block us from their economy. We are wide open for them to come in and take advantage of us,” Lutnick said.

Bilateral trade between India and the United States totaled $131.8 billion in 2024–25, with India exporting $86.5 billion in goods to the U.S. and importing $45.3 billion.

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